Deep Incomplete Multi-View Multiple Clusterings

Multi-view clustering aims at exploiting information from multiple heterogeneous views to promote clustering. Most previous works search for only one optimal clustering based on the predefined clustering criterion, but devising such a criterion that captures what users need is difficult. Due to the multiplicity of multi-view data, we can have meaningful alternative clusterings. In addition, the incomplete multi-view data problem is ubiquitous in real world but has not been studied for multiple clusterings. To address these issues, we introduce a deep incomplete multi-view multiple clusterings (DiMVMC) framework, which achieves the completion of data view and multiple shared representations simultaneously by optimizing multiple groups of decoder deep networks. In addition, it minimizes a redundancy term to simultaneously %uses Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) to control the diversity among these representations and among parameters of different networks. Next, it generates an individual clustering from each of these shared representations. Experiments on benchmark datasets confirm that DiMVMC outperforms the state-of-the-art competitors in generating multiple clusterings with high diversity and quality.

Towards Target-Driven Visual Navigation in Indoor Scenes via Generative Imitation Learning

We present a target-driven navigation system to improve mapless visual navigation in indoor scenes. Our method takes a multi-view observation of a robot and a target as inputs at each time step to provide a sequence of actions that move the robot to the target without relying on odometry or GPS at runtime. The system is learned by optimizing a combinational objective encompassing three key designs. First, we propose that an agent conceives the next observation before making an action decision. This is achieved by learning a variational generative module from expert demonstrations. We then propose predicting static collision in advance, as an auxiliary task to improve safety during navigation. Moreover, to alleviate the training data imbalance problem of termination action prediction, we also introduce a target checking module to differentiate from augmenting navigation policy with a termination action. The three proposed designs all contribute to the improved training data efficiency, static collision avoidance, and navigation generalization performance, resulting in a novel target-driven mapless navigation system. Through experiments on a TurtleBot, we provide evidence that our model can be integrated into a robotic system and navigate in the real world. Videos and models can be found in the supplementary material.

Multi-modal Summarization for Video-containing Documents

Summarization of multimedia data becomes increasingly significant as it is the basis for many real-world applications, such as question answering, Web search, and so forth. Most existing multi-modal summarization works however have used visual complementary features extracted from images rather than videos, thereby losing abundant information. Hence, we propose a novel multi-modal summarization task to summarize from a document and its associated video. In this work, we also build a baseline general model with effective strategies, i.e., bi-hop attention and improved late fusion mechanisms to bridge the gap between different modalities, and a bi-stream summarization strategy to employ text and video summarization simultaneously. Comprehensive experiments show that the proposed model is beneficial for multi-modal summarization and superior to existing methods. Moreover, we collect a novel dataset and it provides a new resource for future study that results from documents and videos.

3DPVNet: Patch-level 3D Hough Voting Network for 6D Pose Estimation

In this paper, we focus on estimating the 6D pose of objects in point clouds. Although the topic has been widely studied, pose estimation in point clouds remains a challenging problem due to the noise and occlusion. To address the problem, a novel 3DPVNet is presented in this work, which utilizes 3D local patches to vote for the object 6D poses. 3DPVNet is comprised of three modules. In particular, a Patch Unification (\textbf{PU}) module is first introduced to normalize the input patch, and also create a standard local coordinate frame on it to generate a reliable vote. We then devise a Weight-guided Neighboring Feature Fusion (\textbf{WNFF}) module in the network, which fuses the neighboring features to yield a semi-global feature for the center patch. WNFF module mines the neighboring information of a local patch, such that the representation capability to local geometric characteristics is significantly enhanced, making the method robust to a certain level of noise. Moreover, we present a Patch-level Voting (\textbf{PV}) module to regress transformations and generates pose votes. After the aggregation of all votes from patches and a refinement step, the final pose of the object can be obtained. Compared to recent voting-based methods, 3DPVNet is patch-level, and directly carried out on point clouds. Therefore, 3DPVNet achieves less computation than point/pixel-level voting scheme, and has robustness to partial data. Experiments on several datasets demonstrate that 3DPVNet achieves the state-of-the-art performance, and is also robust against noise and occlusions.

A Real-time Contribution Measurement Method for Participants in Federated Learning

In recent years, individuals, business organizations or the country have paid more and more attention to their data privacy. At the same time, with the rise of federated learning, federated learning is involved in more and more fields. However, there is no good evaluation standard for each agent participating in federated learning. This paper proposes an online evaluation method for federated learning and compares it with the results obtained by Shapley Value in game theory. The method proposed in this paper is more sensitive to data quality and quantity.

Learning to Infer User Hidden States for Online Sequential Advertising

To drive purchase in online advertising, it is of the advertiser's great interest to optimize the sequential advertising strategy whose performance and interpretability are both important. The lack of interpretability in existing deep reinforcement learning methods makes it not easy to understand, diagnose and further optimize the strategy. In this paper, we propose our Deep Intents Sequential Advertising (DISA) method to address these issues. The key part of interpretability is to understand a consumer's purchase intent which is, however, unobservable (called hidden states). In this paper, we model this intention as a latent variable and formulate the problem as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) where the underlying intents are inferred based on the observable behaviors. Large-scale industrial offline and online experiments demonstrate our method's superior performance over several baselines. The inferred hidden states are analyzed, and the results prove the rationality of our inference.

Computational prediction of RNA tertiary structures using machine learning methods

RNAs play crucial and versatile roles in biological processes. Computational prediction approaches can help to understand RNA structures and their stabilizing factors, thus providing information on their functions, and facilitating the design of new RNAs. Machine learning (ML) techniques have made tremendous progress in many fields in the past few years. Although their usage in protein-related fields has a long history, the use of ML methods in predicting RNA tertiary structures is new and rare. Here, we review the recent advances of using ML methods on RNA structure predictions and discuss the advantages and limitation, the difficulties and potentials of these approaches when applied in the field.

Bilevel Learning Model Towards Industrial Scheduling

Automatic industrial scheduling, aiming at optimizing the sequence of jobs over limited resources, is widely needed in manufacturing industries. However, existing scheduling systems heavily rely on heuristic algorithms, which either generate ineffective solutions or compute inefficiently when job scale increases. Thus, it is of great importance to develop new large-scale algorithms that are not only efficient and effective, but also capable of satisfying complex constraints in practice. In this paper, we propose a Bilevel Deep reinforcement learning Scheduler, \textit{BDS}, in which the higher level is responsible for exploring an initial global sequence, whereas the lower level is aiming at exploitation for partial sequence refinements, and the two levels are connected by a sliding-window sampling mechanism. In the implementation, a Double Deep Q Network (DDQN) is used in the upper level and Graph Pointer Network (GPN) lies within the lower level. After the theoretical guarantee for the convergence of BDS, we evaluate it in an industrial automatic warehouse scenario, with job number up to $5000$ in each production line. It is shown that our proposed BDS significantly outperforms two most used heuristics, three strong deep networks, and another bilevel baseline approach. In particular, compared with the most used greedy-based heuristic algorithm in real world which takes nearly an hour, our BDS can decrease the makespan by 27.5\%, 28.6\% and 22.1\% for 3 largest datasets respectively, with computational time less than 200 seconds.

NPCFace: A Negative-Positive Cooperation Supervision for Training Large-scale Face Recognition

Deep face recognition has made remarkable advances in the last few years, while the training scheme still remains challenging in the large-scale data situation where many hard cases occur. Especially in the range of low false accept rate (FAR), there are various hard cases in both positives ($\textit{i.e.}$ intra-class) and negatives ($\textit{i.e.}$ inter-class). In this paper, we study how to make better use of these hard samples for improving the training. The existing training methods deal with the challenge by adding margins in either the positive logit (such as SphereFace, CosFace, ArcFace) or the negative logit (such as MV-softmax, ArcNegFace, CurricularFace). However, the correlation between hard positive and hard negative is overlooked, as well as the relation between the margin in positive logit and the margin in negative logit. We find such correlation is significant, especially in the large-scale dataset, and one can take advantage from it to boost the training via relating the positive and negative margins for each training sample. To this end, we propose an explicit cooperation between positive and negative margins sample-wisely. Given a batch of hard samples, a novel Negative-Positive Cooperation loss, named NPCFace, is formulated, which emphasizes the training on both the negative and positive hard cases via a cooperative-margin mechanism in the softmax logits, and also brings better interpretation of negative-positive hardness correlation. Besides, the negative emphasis is implemented with an improved formulation to achieve stable convergence and flexible parameter setting.We validate the effectiveness of our approach on various benchmarks of large-scale face recognition and outperform the previous methods especially in the low FAR range.