AffordSim: A Scalable Data Generator and Benchmark for Affordance-Aware Robotic Manipulation

Simulation-based data generation has become a dominant paradigm for training robotic manipulation policies, yet existing platforms do not incorporate object affordance information into trajectory generation. As a result, tasks requiring precise interaction with specific functional regions--grasping a mug by its handle, pouring from a cup's rim, or hanging a mug on a hook--cannot be automatically generated with semantically correct trajectories. We introduce AffordSim, the first simulation framework that integrates open-vocabulary 3D affordance prediction into the manipulation data generation pipeline. AffordSim uses our VoxAfford model, an open-vocabulary 3D affordance detector that enhances MLLM output tokens with multi-scale geometric features, to predict affordance maps on object point clouds, guiding grasp pose estimation toward task-relevant functional regions. Built on NVIDIA Isaac Sim with cross-embodiment support (Franka FR3, Panda, UR5e, Kinova), VLM-powered task generation, and novel domain randomization using DA3-based 3D Gaussian reconstruction from real photographs, AffordSim enables automated, scalable generation of affordance-aware manipulation data. We establish a benchmark of 50 tasks across 7 categories (grasping, placing, stacking, pushing/pulling, pouring, mug hanging, long-horizon composite) and evaluate 4 imitation learning baselines (BC, Diffusion Policy, ACT, Pi 0.5). Our results reveal that while grasping is largely solved (53-93% success), affordance-demanding tasks such as pouring into narrow containers (1-43%) and mug hanging (0-47%) remain significantly more challenging for current imitation learning methods, highlighting the need for affordance-aware data generation. Zero-shot sim-to-real experiments on a real Franka FR3 validate the transferability of the generated data.

MapATM: Enhancing HD Map Construction through Actor Trajectory Modeling

High-definition (HD) mapping tasks, which perform lane detections and predictions, are extremely challenging due to non-ideal conditions such as view occlusions, distant lane visibility, and adverse weather conditions. Those conditions often result in compromised lane detection accuracy and reduced reliability within autonomous driving systems. To address these challenges, we introduce MapATM, a novel deep neural network that effectively leverages historical actor trajectory information to improve lane detection accuracy, where actors refer to moving vehicles. By utilizing actor trajectories as structural priors for road geometry, MapATM achieves substantial performance enhancements, notably increasing AP by 4.6 for lane dividers and mAP by 2.6 on the challenging NuScenes dataset, representing relative improvements of 10.1% and 6.1%, respectively, compared to strong baseline methods. Extensive qualitative evaluations further demonstrate MapATM's capability to consistently maintain stable and robust map reconstruction across diverse and complex driving scenarios, underscoring its practical value for autonomous driving applications.

The Eleventh NTIRE 2026 Efficient Super-Resolution Challenge Report

This paper reviews the NTIRE 2026 challenge on efficient single-image super-resolution with a focus on the proposed solutions and results. The aim of this challenge is to devise a network that reduces one or several aspects, such as runtime, parameters, and FLOPs, while maintaining PSNR of around 26.90 dB on the DIV2K_LSDIR_valid dataset, and 26.99 dB on the DIV2K_LSDIR_test dataset. The challenge had 95 registered participants, and 15 teams made valid submissions. They gauge the state-of-the-art results for efficient single-image super-resolution.

JoyAI-LLM Flash: Advancing Mid-Scale LLMs with Token Efficiency

We introduce JoyAI-LLM Flash, an efficient Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language model designed to redefine the trade-off between strong performance and token efficiency in the sub-50B parameter regime. JoyAI-LLM Flash is pretrained on a massive corpus of 20 trillion tokens and further optimized through a rigorous post-training pipeline, including supervised fine-tuning (SFT), Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), and large-scale reinforcement learning (RL) across diverse environments. To improve token efficiency, JoyAI-LLM Flash strategically balances \emph{thinking} and \emph{non-thinking} cognitive modes and introduces FiberPO, a novel RL algorithm inspired by fibration theory that decomposes trust-region maintenance into global and local components, providing unified multi-scale stability control for LLM policy optimization. To enhance architectural sparsity, the model comprises 48B total parameters while activating only 2.7B parameters per forward pass, achieving a substantially higher sparsity ratio than contemporary industry leading models of comparable scale. To further improve inference throughput, we adopt a joint training-inference co-design that incorporates dense Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) and Quantization-Aware Training (QAT). We release the checkpoints for both JoyAI-LLM-48B-A3B Base and its post-trained variants on Hugging Face to support the open-source community.

EmoLLM: Appraisal-Grounded Cognitive-Emotional Co-Reasoning in Large Language Models

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong cognitive intelligence (IQ), yet many real-world interactions also require emotional intelligence (EQ) to produce responses that are both factually reliable and emotionally appropriate. In settings such as emotional support, technical assistance, and consultation, effective dialogue depends on how situations are appraised with respect to the user's needs, goals, and coping capacity. Inspired by appraisal theory, we propose EmoLLM, an appraisal-grounded framework for IQ/EQ co-reasoning in dialogue. EmoLLM uses an explicit Appraisal Reasoning Graph (ARG) to structure intermediate reasoning over contextual facts, inferred user needs, appraisal dimensions, emotional states, and response strategies before generating a reply. We train EmoLLM in a multi-turn role-play environment with reinforcement learning, where reverse-perspective reasoning provides reward signals based on predicted user-side consequences of responses. Across diverse dialogue settings, EmoLLM improves emotional state outcomes and response quality over strong baselines while preserving strong factual reliability.

SurgAtt-Tracker: Online Surgical Attention Tracking via Temporal Proposal Reranking and Motion-Aware Refinement

Accurate and stable field-of-view (FoV) guidance is critical for safe and efficient minimally invasive surgery, yet existing approaches often conflate visual attention estimation with downstream camera control or rely on direct object-centric assumptions. In this work, we formulate surgical attention tracking as a spatio-temporal learning problem and model surgeon focus as a dense attention heatmap, enabling continuous and interpretable frame-wise FoV guidance. We propose SurgAtt-Tracker, a holistic framework that robustly tracks surgical attention by exploiting temporal coherence through proposal-level reranking and motion-aware refinement, rather than direct regression. To support systematic training and evaluation, we introduce SurgAtt-1.16M, a large-scale benchmark with a clinically grounded annotation protocol that enables comprehensive heatmap-based attention analysis across procedures and institutions. Extensive experiments on multiple surgical datasets demonstrate that SurgAtt-Tracker consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance and strong robustness under occlusion, multi-instrument interference, and cross-domain settings. Beyond attention tracking, our approach provides a frame-wise FoV guidance signal that can directly support downstream robotic FoV planning and automatic camera control.

Do VLMs Perceive or Recall? Probing Visual Perception vs. Memory with Classic Visual Illusions

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often answer classic visual illusions "correctly" on original images, yet persist with the same responses when illusion factors are inverted, even though the visual change is obvious to humans. This raises a fundamental question: do VLMs perceive visual changes or merely recall memorized patterns? While several studies have noted this phenomenon, the underlying causes remain unclear. To move from observations to systematic understanding, this paper introduces VI-Probe, a controllable visual-illusion framework with graded perturbations and matched visual controls (without illusion inducer) that disentangles visually grounded perception from language-driven recall. Unlike prior work that focuses on averaged accuracy, we measure stability and sensitivity using Polarity-Flip Consistency, Template Fixation Index, and an illusion multiplier normalized against matched controls. Experiments across different families reveal that response persistence arises from heterogeneous causes rather than a single mechanism. For instance, GPT-5 exhibits memory override, Claude-Opus-4.1 shows perception-memory competition, while Qwen variants suggest visual-processing limits. Our findings challenge single-cause views and motivate probing-based evaluation that measures both knowledge and sensitivity to controlled visual change. Data and code are available at https://sites.google.com/view/vi-probe/.

Emerging from Ground: Addressing Intent Deviation in Tool-Using Agents via Deriving Real Calls into Virtual Trajectories

LLMs have advanced tool-using agents for real-world applications, yet they often lead to unexpected behaviors or results. Beyond obvious failures, the subtle issue of "intent deviation" severely hinders reliable evaluation and performance improvement. Existing post-training methods generally leverage either real system samples or virtual data simulated by LLMs. However, the former is costly due to reliance on hand-crafted user requests, while the latter suffers from distribution shift from the real tools in the wild. Additionally, both methods lack negative samples tailored to intent deviation scenarios, hindering effective guidance on preference learning. We introduce RISE, a "Real-to-Virtual" method designed to mitigate intent deviation. Anchoring on verified tool primitives, RISE synthesizes virtual trajectories and generates diverse negative samples through mutation on critical parameters. With synthetic data, RISE fine-tunes backbone LLMs via the two-stage training for intent alignment. Evaluation results demonstrate that data synthesized by RISE achieve promising results in eight metrics covering user requires, execution trajectories and agent responses. Integrating with training, RISE achieves an average 35.28% improvement in Acctask (task completion) and 23.27% in Accintent (intent alignment), outperforming SOTA baselines by 1.20--42.09% and 1.17--54.93% respectively.

All Changes May Have Invariant Principles: Improving Ever-Shifting Harmful Meme Detection via Design Concept Reproduction

Harmful memes are ever-shifting in the Internet communities, which are difficult to analyze due to their type-shifting and temporal-evolving nature. Although these memes are shifting, we find that different memes may share invariant principles, i.e., the underlying design concept of malicious users, which can help us analyze why these memes are harmful. In this paper, we propose RepMD, an ever-shifting harmful meme detection method based on the design concept reproduction. We first refer to the attack tree to define the Design Concept Graph (DCG), which describes steps that people may take to design a harmful meme. Then, we derive the DCG from historical memes with design step reproduction and graph pruning. Finally, we use DCG to guide the Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) to detect harmful memes. The evaluation results show that RepMD achieves the highest accuracy with 81.1% and has slight accuracy decreases when generalized to type-shifting and temporal-evolving memes. Human evaluation shows that RepMD can improve the efficiency of human discovery on harmful memes, with 15$\sim$30 seconds per meme.

Know Thy Enemy: Securing LLMs Against Prompt Injection via Diverse Data Synthesis and Instruction-Level Chain-of-Thought Learning

Large language model (LLM)-integrated applications have become increasingly prevalent, yet face critical security vulnerabilities from prompt injection (PI) attacks. Defending against PI attacks faces two major issues: malicious instructions can be injected through diverse vectors, and injected instructions often lack clear semantic boundaries from the surrounding context, making them difficult to identify. To address these issues, we propose InstruCoT, a model enhancement method for PI defense that synthesizes diverse training data and employs instruction-level chain-of-thought fine-tuning, enabling LLMs to effectively identify and reject malicious instructions regardless of their source or position in the context. We evaluate InstruCoT across three critical dimensions: Behavior Deviation, Privacy Leakage, and Harmful Output. Experimental results across four LLMs demonstrate that InstruCoT significantly outperforms baselines in all dimensions while maintaining utility performance without degradation