When Swarm Learning meets energy series data: A decentralized collaborative learning design based on blockchain

Machine learning models offer the capability to forecast future energy production or consumption and infer essential unknown variables from existing data. However, legal and policy constraints within specific energy sectors render the data sensitive, presenting technical hurdles in utilizing data from diverse sources. Therefore, we propose adopting a Swarm Learning (SL) scheme, which replaces the centralized server with a blockchain-based distributed network to address the security and privacy issues inherent in Federated Learning (FL)'s centralized architecture. Within this distributed Collaborative Learning framework, each participating organization governs nodes for inter-organizational communication. Devices from various organizations utilize smart contracts for parameter uploading and retrieval. Consensus mechanism ensures distributed consistency throughout the learning process, guarantees the transparent trustworthiness and immutability of parameters on-chain. The efficacy of the proposed framework is substantiated across three real-world energy series modeling scenarios with superior performance compared to Local Learning approaches, simultaneously emphasizing enhanced data security and privacy over Centralized Learning and FL method. Notably, as the number of data volume and the count of local epochs increases within a threshold, there is an improvement in model performance accompanied by a reduction in the variance of performance errors. Consequently, this leads to an increased stability and reliability in the outcomes produced by the model.

Joint Association, Beamforming, and Resource Allocation for Multi-IRS Enabled MU-MISO Systems With RSMA

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) and rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) technologies are at the forefront of enhancing spectrum and energy efficiency in the next generation multi-antenna communication systems. This paper explores a RSMA system with multiple IRSs, and proposes two purpose-driven scheduling schemes, i.e., the exhaustive IRS-aided (EIA) and opportunistic IRS-aided (OIA) schemes. The aim is to optimize the system weighted energy efficiency (EE) under the above two schemes, respectively. Specifically, the Dinkelbach, branch and bound, successive convex approximation, and the semidefinite relaxation methods are exploited within the alternating optimization framework to obtain effective solutions to the considered problems. The numerical findings indicate that the EIA scheme exhibits better performance compared to the OIA scheme in diverse scenarios when considering the weighted EE, and the proposed algorithm demonstrates superior performance in comparison to the baseline algorithms.

Sentence Bag Graph Formulation for Biomedical Distant Supervision Relation Extraction

We introduce a novel graph-based framework for alleviating key challenges in distantly-supervised relation extraction and demonstrate its effectiveness in the challenging and important domain of biomedical data. Specifically, we propose a graph view of sentence bags referring to an entity pair, which enables message-passing based aggregation of information related to the entity pair over the sentence bag. The proposed framework alleviates the common problem of noisy labeling in distantly supervised relation extraction and also effectively incorporates inter-dependencies between sentences within a bag. Extensive experiments on two large-scale biomedical relation datasets and the widely utilized NYT dataset demonstrate that our proposed framework significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods for biomedical distant supervision relation extraction while also providing excellent performance for relation extraction in the general text mining domain.

Document Layout Analysis with Aesthetic-Guided Image Augmentation

Document layout analysis (DLA) plays an important role in information extraction and document understanding. At present, document layout analysis has reached a milestone achievement, however, document layout analysis of non-Manhattan is still a challenge. In this paper, we propose an image layer modeling method to tackle this challenge. To measure the proposed image layer modeling method, we propose a manually-labeled non-Manhattan layout fine-grained segmentation dataset named FPD. As far as we know, FPD is the first manually-labeled non-Manhattan layout fine-grained segmentation dataset. To effectively extract fine-grained features of documents, we propose an edge embedding network named L-E^3Net. Experimental results prove that our proposed image layer modeling method can better deal with the fine-grained segmented document of the non-Manhattan layout.