EffiVED:Efficient Video Editing via Text-instruction Diffusion Models

Large-scale text-to-video models have shown remarkable abilities, but their direct application in video editing remains challenging due to limited available datasets. Current video editing methods commonly require per-video fine-tuning of diffusion models or specific inversion optimization to ensure high-fidelity edits. In this paper, we introduce EffiVED, an efficient diffusion-based model that directly supports instruction-guided video editing. To achieve this, we present two efficient workflows to gather video editing pairs, utilizing augmentation and fundamental vision-language techniques. These workflows transform vast image editing datasets and open-world videos into a high-quality dataset for training EffiVED. Experimental results reveal that EffiVED not only generates high-quality editing videos but also executes rapidly. Finally, we demonstrate that our data collection method significantly improves editing performance and can potentially tackle the scarcity of video editing data. The datasets will be made publicly available upon publication.

Understanding Long Range-Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (LR-FHSS) with Real-World Packet Traces

Long Range-Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (LR-FHSS) is a new physical layer option that has been recently added to the LoRa family with the promise of achieving much higher network capacity than the previous versions of LoRa. In this paper, we present our evaluation of LR-FHSS based on real-world packet traces collected with an LR-FHSS device and a receiver we designed and implemented in software. We overcame challenges due to the lack of documentations of LR-FHSS and our study is the first of its kind that processes signals transmitted by an actual LR-FHSS device with practical issues such as frequency error. Our results show that LR-FHSS meets its expectations in communication range and network capacity. We also propose customized methods for LR-FHSS that improve its performance significantly, allowing our receiver to achieve higher network capacity than those reported earlier.

AnimateAnything: Fine-Grained Open Domain Image Animation with Motion Guidance

Image animation is a key task in computer vision which aims to generate dynamic visual content from static image. Recent image animation methods employ neural based rendering technique to generate realistic animations. Despite these advancements, achieving fine-grained and controllable image animation guided by text remains challenging, particularly for open-domain images captured in diverse real environments. In this paper, we introduce an open domain image animation method that leverages the motion prior of video diffusion model. Our approach introduces targeted motion area guidance and motion strength guidance, enabling precise control the movable area and its motion speed. This results in enhanced alignment between the animated visual elements and the prompting text, thereby facilitating a fine-grained and interactive animation generation process for intricate motion sequences. We validate the effectiveness of our method through rigorous experiments on an open-domain dataset, with the results showcasing its superior performance. Project page can be found at https://animationai.github.io/AnimateAnything.

Fine-Grained Open Domain Image Animation with Motion Guidance

Image animation is a key task in computer vision which aims to generate dynamic visual content from static image. Recent image animation methods employ neural based rendering technique to generate realistic animations. Despite these advancements, achieving fine-grained and controllable image animation guided by text remains challenging, particularly for open-domain images captured in diverse real environments. In this paper, we introduce an open domain image animation method that leverages the motion prior of video diffusion model. Our approach introduces targeted motion area guidance and motion strength guidance, enabling precise control the movable area and its motion speed. This results in enhanced alignment between the animated visual elements and the prompting text, thereby facilitating a fine-grained and interactive animation generation process for intricate motion sequences. We validate the effectiveness of our method through rigorous experiments on an open-domain dataset, with the results showcasing its superior performance. The source code and model will be made publicly available upon publication.

UVOSAM: A Mask-free Paradigm for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation via Segment Anything Model

Unsupervised video object segmentation has made significant progress in recent years, but the manual annotation of video mask datasets is expensive and limits the diversity of available datasets. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has introduced a new prompt-driven paradigm for image segmentation, unlocking a range of previously unexplored capabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel paradigm called UVOSAM, which leverages SAM for unsupervised video object segmentation without requiring video mask labels. To address SAM's limitations in instance discovery and identity association, we introduce a video salient object tracking network that automatically generates trajectories for prominent foreground objects. These trajectories then serve as prompts for SAM to produce video masks on a frame-by-frame basis. Our experimental results demonstrate that UVOSAM significantly outperforms current mask-supervised methods. These findings suggest that UVOSAM has the potential to improve unsupervised video object segmentation and reduce the cost of manual annotation.

Towards Robust Video Instance Segmentation with Temporal-Aware Transformer

Most existing transformer based video instance segmentation methods extract per frame features independently, hence it is challenging to solve the appearance deformation problem. In this paper, we observe the temporal information is important as well and we propose TAFormer to aggregate spatio-temporal features both in transformer encoder and decoder. Specifically, in transformer encoder, we propose a novel spatio-temporal joint multi-scale deformable attention module which dynamically integrates the spatial and temporal information to obtain enriched spatio-temporal features. In transformer decoder, we introduce a temporal self-attention module to enhance the frame level box queries with the temporal relation. Moreover, TAFormer adopts an instance level contrastive loss to increase the discriminability of instance query embeddings. Therefore the tracking error caused by visually similar instances can be decreased. Experimental results show that TAFormer effectively leverages the spatial and temporal information to obtain context-aware feature representation and outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

Multi-View Dynamic Heterogeneous Information Network Embedding

Most existing Heterogeneous Information Network (HIN) embedding methods focus on static environments while neglecting the evolving characteristic of realworld networks. Although several dynamic embedding methods have been proposed, they are merely designed for homogeneous networks and cannot be directly applied in heterogeneous environment. To tackle above challenges, we propose a novel framework for incorporating temporal information into HIN embedding, denoted as Multi-View Dynamic HIN Embedding (MDHNE), which can efficiently preserve evolution patterns of implicit relationships from different views in updating node representations over time. We first transform HIN to a series of homogeneous networks corresponding to different views. Then our proposed MDHNE applies Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) to incorporate evolving pattern of complex network structure and semantic relationships between nodes into latent embedding spaces, and thus the node representations from multiple views can be learned and updated when HIN evolves over time. Moreover, we come up with an attention based fusion mechanism, which can automatically infer weights of latent representations corresponding to different views by minimizing the objective function specific for different mining tasks. Extensive experiments clearly demonstrate that our MDHNE model outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on three real-world dynamic datasets for different network mining tasks.

Proximal Policy Optimization via Enhanced Exploration Efficiency

Proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm is a deep reinforcement learning algorithm with outstanding performance, especially in continuous control tasks. But the performance of this method is still affected by its exploration ability. For classical reinforcement learning, there are some schemes that make exploration more full and balanced with data exploitation, but they can't be applied in complex environments due to the complexity of algorithm. Based on continuous control tasks with dense reward, this paper analyzes the assumption of the original Gaussian action exploration mechanism in PPO algorithm, and clarifies the influence of exploration ability on performance. Afterward, aiming at the problem of exploration, an exploration enhancement mechanism based on uncertainty estimation is designed in this paper. Then, we apply exploration enhancement theory to PPO algorithm and propose the proximal policy optimization algorithm with intrinsic exploration module (IEM-PPO) which can be used in complex environments. In the experimental parts, we evaluate our method on multiple tasks of MuJoCo physical simulator, and compare IEM-PPO algorithm with curiosity driven exploration algorithm (ICM-PPO) and original algorithm (PPO). The experimental results demonstrate that IEM-PPO algorithm needs longer training time, but performs better in terms of sample efficiency and cumulative reward, and has stability and robustness.