Local-Global History-aware Contrastive Learning for Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) have been identified as a promising approach to represent the dynamics of facts along the timeline. The extrapolation of TKG is to predict unknowable facts happening in the future, holding significant practical value across diverse fields. Most extrapolation studies in TKGs focus on modeling global historical fact repeating and cyclic patterns, as well as local historical adjacent fact evolution patterns, showing promising performance in predicting future unknown facts. Yet, existing methods still face two major challenges: (1) They usually neglect the importance of historical information in KG snapshots related to the queries when encoding the local and global historical information; (2) They exhibit weak anti-noise capabilities, which hinders their performance when the inputs are contaminated with noise.To this end, we propose a novel \blue{Lo}cal-\blue{g}lobal history-aware \blue{C}ontrastive \blue{L}earning model (\blue{LogCL}) for TKG reasoning, which adopts contrastive learning to better guide the fusion of local and global historical information and enhance the ability to resist interference. Specifically, for the first challenge, LogCL proposes an entity-aware attention mechanism applied to the local and global historical facts encoder, which captures the key historical information related to queries. For the latter issue, LogCL designs four historical query contrast patterns, effectively improving the robustness of the model. The experimental results on four benchmark datasets demonstrate that LogCL delivers better and more robust performance than the state-of-the-art baselines.

Listen to Minority: Encrypted Traffic Classification for Class Imbalance with Contrastive Pre-Training

Mobile Internet has profoundly reshaped modern lifestyles in various aspects. Encrypted Traffic Classification (ETC) naturally plays a crucial role in managing mobile Internet, especially with the explosive growth of mobile apps using encrypted communication. Despite some existing learning-based ETC methods showing promising results, three-fold limitations still remain in real-world network environments, 1) label bias caused by traffic class imbalance, 2) traffic homogeneity caused by component sharing, and 3) training with reliance on sufficient labeled traffic. None of the existing ETC methods can address all these limitations. In this paper, we propose a novel Pre-trAining Semi-Supervised ETC framework, dubbed PASS. Our key insight is to resample the original train dataset and perform contrastive pre-training without using individual app labels directly to avoid label bias issues caused by class imbalance, while obtaining a robust feature representation to differentiate overlapping homogeneous traffic by pulling positive traffic pairs closer and pushing negative pairs away. Meanwhile, PASS designs a semi-supervised optimization strategy based on pseudo-label iteration and dynamic loss weighting algorithms in order to effectively utilize massive unlabeled traffic data and alleviate manual train dataset annotation workload. PASS outperforms state-of-the-art ETC methods and generic sampling approaches on four public datasets with significant class imbalance and traffic homogeneity, remarkably pushing the F1 of Cross-Platform215 with 1.31%, ISCX-17 with 9.12%. Furthermore, we validate the generality of the contrastive pre-training and pseudo-label iteration components of PASS, which can adaptively benefit ETC methods with diverse feature extractors.

Rethinking Collaborative Perception from the Spatial-Temporal Importance of Semantic Information

Collaboration by the sharing of semantic information is crucial to enable the enhancement of perception capabilities. However, existing collaborative perception methods tend to focus solely on the spatial features of semantic information, while neglecting the importance of the temporal dimension in collaborator selection and semantic information fusion, which instigates performance degradation. In this article, we propose a novel collaborative perception framework, IoSI-CP, which takes into account the importance of semantic information (IoSI) from both temporal and spatial dimensions. Specifically, we develop an IoSI-based collaborator selection method that effectively identifies advantageous collaborators but excludes those that bring negative benefits. Moreover, we present a semantic information fusion algorithm called HPHA (historical prior hybrid attention), which integrates a multi-scale transformer module and a short-term attention module to capture IoSI from spatial and temporal dimensions, and assigns varying weights for efficient aggregation. Extensive experiments on two open datasets demonstrate that our proposed IoSI-CP significantly improves the perception performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches. The code associated with this research is publicly available at https://github.com/huangqzj/IoSI-CP/.