An Optimization Framework to Enforce Multi-View Consistency for Texturing 3D Meshes Using Pre-Trained Text-to-Image Models

A fundamental problem in the texturing of 3D meshes using pre-trained text-to-image models is to ensure multi-view consistency. State-of-the-art approaches typically use diffusion models to aggregate multi-view inputs, where common issues are the blurriness caused by the averaging operation in the aggregation step or inconsistencies in local features. This paper introduces an optimization framework that proceeds in four stages to achieve multi-view consistency. Specifically, the first stage generates an over-complete set of 2D textures from a predefined set of viewpoints using an MV-consistent diffusion process. The second stage selects a subset of views that are mutually consistent while covering the underlying 3D model. We show how to achieve this goal by solving semi-definite programs. The third stage performs non-rigid alignment to align the selected views across overlapping regions. The fourth stage solves an MRF problem to associate each mesh face with a selected view. In particular, the third and fourth stages are iterated, with the cuts obtained in the fourth stage encouraging non-rigid alignment in the third stage to focus on regions close to the cuts. Experimental results show that our approach significantly outperforms baseline approaches both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Detecting Any Human-Object Interaction Relationship: Universal HOI Detector with Spatial Prompt Learning on Foundation Models

Human-object interaction (HOI) detection aims to comprehend the intricate relationships between humans and objects, predicting $<human, action, object>$ triplets, and serving as the foundation for numerous computer vision tasks. The complexity and diversity of human-object interactions in the real world, however, pose significant challenges for both annotation and recognition, particularly in recognizing interactions within an open world context. This study explores the universal interaction recognition in an open-world setting through the use of Vision-Language (VL) foundation models and large language models (LLMs). The proposed method is dubbed as \emph{\textbf{UniHOI}}. We conduct a deep analysis of the three hierarchical features inherent in visual HOI detectors and propose a method for high-level relation extraction aimed at VL foundation models, which we call HO prompt-based learning. Our design includes an HO Prompt-guided Decoder (HOPD), facilitates the association of high-level relation representations in the foundation model with various HO pairs within the image. Furthermore, we utilize a LLM (\emph{i.e.} GPT) for interaction interpretation, generating a richer linguistic understanding for complex HOIs. For open-category interaction recognition, our method supports either of two input types: interaction phrase or interpretive sentence. Our efficient architecture design and learning methods effectively unleash the potential of the VL foundation models and LLMs, allowing UniHOI to surpass all existing methods with a substantial margin, under both supervised and zero-shot settings. The code and pre-trained weights are available at: \url{https://github.com/Caoyichao/UniHOI}.

Learning from Multi-View Representation for Point-Cloud Pre-Training

A critical problem in the pre-training of 3D point clouds is leveraging massive 2D data. A fundamental challenge is to address the 2D-3D domain gap. This paper proposes a novel approach to point-cloud pre-training that enables learning 3D representations by leveraging pre-trained 2D-based networks. In particular, it avoids overfitting to 2D representations and potentially discarding critical 3D features for 3D recognition tasks. The key to our approach is a novel multi-view representation, which learns a shared 3D feature volume consistent with deep features extracted from multiple 2D camera views. The 2D deep features are regularized using pre-trained 2D networks through the 2D knowledge transfer loss. To prevent the resulting 3D feature representations from discarding 3D signals, we introduce the multi-view consistency loss that forces the projected 2D feature representations to capture pixel-wise correspondences across different views. Such correspondences induce 3D geometry and effectively retain 3D features in the projected 2D features. Experimental results demonstrate that our pre-trained model can be successfully transferred to various downstream tasks, including 3D detection and semantic segmentation, and achieve state-of-the-art performance.

LiDAR-Based 3D Object Detection via Hybrid 2D Semantic Scene Generation

Bird's-Eye View (BEV) features are popular intermediate scene representations shared by the 3D backbone and the detector head in LiDAR-based object detectors. However, little research has been done to investigate how to incorporate additional supervision on the BEV features to improve proposal generation in the detector head, while still balancing the number of powerful 3D layers and efficient 2D network operations. This paper proposes a novel scene representation that encodes both the semantics and geometry of the 3D environment in 2D, which serves as a dense supervision signal for better BEV feature learning. The key idea is to use auxiliary networks to predict a combination of explicit and implicit semantic probabilities by exploiting their complementary properties. Extensive experiments show that our simple yet effective design can be easily integrated into most state-of-the-art 3D object detectors and consistently improves upon baseline models.

DeblurSR: Event-Based Motion Deblurring Under the Spiking Representation

We present DeblurSR, a novel motion deblurring approach that converts a blurry image into a sharp video. DeblurSR utilizes event data to compensate for motion ambiguities and exploits the spiking representation to parameterize the sharp output video as a mapping from time to intensity. Our key contribution, the Spiking Representation (SR), is inspired by the neuromorphic principles determining how biological neurons communicate with each other in living organisms. We discuss why the spikes can represent sharp edges and how the spiking parameters are interpreted from the neuromorphic perspective. DeblurSR has higher output quality and requires fewer computing resources than state-of-the-art event-based motion deblurring methods. We additionally show that our approach easily extends to video super-resolution when combined with recent advances in implicit neural representation. The implementation and animated visualization of DeblurSR are available at https://github.com/chensong1995/DeblurSR.

Deep Anomaly Detection on Tennessee Eastman Process Data

This paper provides the first comprehensive evaluation and analysis of modern (deep-learning) unsupervised anomaly detection methods for chemical process data. We focus on the Tennessee Eastman process dataset, which has been a standard litmus test to benchmark anomaly detection methods for nearly three decades. Our extensive study will facilitate choosing appropriate anomaly detection methods in industrial applications.

E-CIR: Event-Enhanced Continuous Intensity Recovery

A camera begins to sense light the moment we press the shutter button. During the exposure interval, relative motion between the scene and the camera causes motion blur, a common undesirable visual artifact. This paper presents E-CIR, which converts a blurry image into a sharp video represented as a parametric function from time to intensity. E-CIR leverages events as an auxiliary input. We discuss how to exploit the temporal event structure to construct the parametric bases. We demonstrate how to train a deep learning model to predict the function coefficients. To improve the appearance consistency, we further introduce a refinement module to propagate visual features among consecutive frames. Compared to state-of-the-art event-enhanced deblurring approaches, E-CIR generates smoother and more realistic results. The implementation of E-CIR is available at https://github.com/chensong1995/E-CIR.

A Simple Model for Portable and Fast Prediction of Execution Time and Power Consumption of GPU Kernels

Characterizing compute kernel execution behavior on GPUs for efficient task scheduling is a non trivial task. We address this with a simple model enabling portable and fast predictions among different GPUs using only hardware-independent features extracted. This model is built based on random forests using 189 individual compute kernels from benchmarks such as Parboil, Rodinia, Polybench-GPU and SHOC. Evaluation of the model performance using cross-validation yields a median Mean Average Percentage Error (MAPE) of [13.45%, 44.56%] and [1.81%, 2.91%], for time respectively power prediction on five different GPUs, while latency for a single prediction varies between 0.1 and 0.2 seconds.

HybridPose: 6D Object Pose Estimation under Hybrid Representations

We introduce HybridPose, a novel 6D object pose estimation approach. HybridPose utilizes a hybrid intermediate representation to express different geometric information in the input image, including keypoints, edge vectors, and symmetry correspondences. Compared to a unitary representation, our hybrid representation allows pose regression to exploit more and diverse features when one type of predicted representation is inaccurate (e.g., because of occlusion). HybridPose leverages a robust regression module to filter out outliers in predicted intermediate representation. We show the robustness of HybridPose by demonstrating that all intermediate representations can be predicted by the same simple neural network without sacrificing the overall performance. Compared to state-of-the-art pose estimation approaches, HybridPose is comparable in running time and is significantly more accurate. For example, on Occlusion Linemod dataset, our method achieves a prediction speed of 30 fps with a mean ADD(-S) accuracy of 79.2%, representing a 67.4% improvement from the current state-of-the-art approach. Our implementation of HybridPose is available at https://github.com/chensong1995/HybridPose.

Image Dataset for Visual Objects Classification in 3D Printing

The rapid development in additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, has brought about potential risk and security issues along with significant benefits. In order to enhance the security level of the 3D printing process, the present research aims to detect and recognize illegal components using deep learning. In this work, we collected a dataset of 61,340 2D images (28x28 for each image) of 10 classes including guns and other non-gun objects, corresponding to the projection results of the original 3D models. To validate the dataset, we train a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for gun classification which can achieve 98.16% classification accuracy.