The CALLA Dataset: Probing LLMs' Interactive Knowledge Acquisition from Chinese Medical Literature

The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to the medical domain has stimulated the interest of researchers. Recent studies have focused on constructing Instruction Fine-Tuning (IFT) data through medical knowledge graphs to enrich the interactive medical knowledge of LLMs. However, the medical literature serving as a rich source of medical knowledge remains unexplored. Our work introduces the CALLA dataset to probe LLMs' interactive knowledge acquisition from Chinese medical literature. It assesses the proficiency of LLMs in mastering medical knowledge through a free-dialogue fact-checking task. We identify a phenomenon called the ``fact-following response``, where LLMs tend to affirm facts mentioned in questions and display a reluctance to challenge them. To eliminate the inaccurate evaluation caused by this phenomenon, for the golden fact, we artificially construct test data from two perspectives: one consistent with the fact and one inconsistent with the fact. Drawing from the probing experiment on the CALLA dataset, we conclude that IFT data highly correlated with the medical literature corpus serves as a potent catalyst for LLMs, enabling themselves to skillfully employ the medical knowledge acquired during the pre-training phase within interactive scenarios, enhancing accuracy. Furthermore, we design a framework for automatically constructing IFT data based on medical literature and discuss some real-world applications.

GLS-CSC: A Simple but Effective Strategy to Mitigate Chinese STM Models' Over-Reliance on Superficial Clue

Pre-trained models have achieved success in Chinese Short Text Matching (STM) tasks, but they often rely on superficial clues, leading to a lack of robust predictions. To address this issue, it is crucial to analyze and mitigate the influence of superficial clues on STM models. Our study aims to investigate their over-reliance on the edit distance feature, commonly used to measure the semantic similarity of Chinese text pairs, which can be considered a superficial clue. To mitigate STM models' over-reliance on superficial clues, we propose a novel resampling training strategy called Gradually Learn Samples Containing Superficial Clue (GLS-CSC). Through comprehensive evaluations of In-Domain (I.D.), Robustness (Rob.), and Out-Of-Domain (O.O.D.) test sets, we demonstrate that GLS-CSC outperforms existing methods in terms of enhancing the robustness and generalization of Chinese STM models. Moreover, we conduct a detailed analysis of existing methods and reveal their commonality.