Revitalizing Multivariate Time Series Forecasting: Learnable Decomposition with Inter-Series Dependencies and Intra-Series Variations Modeling

Predicting multivariate time series is crucial, demanding precise modeling of intricate patterns, including inter-series dependencies and intra-series variations. Distinctive trend characteristics in each time series pose challenges, and existing methods, relying on basic moving average kernels, may struggle with the non-linear structure and complex trends in real-world data. Given that, we introduce a learnable decomposition strategy to capture dynamic trend information more reasonably. Additionally, we propose a dual attention module tailored to capture inter-series dependencies and intra-series variations simultaneously for better time series forecasting, which is implemented by channel-wise self-attention and autoregressive self-attention. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we conducted experiments across eight open-source datasets and compared it with the state-of-the-art methods. Through the comparison results, our Leddam (LEarnable Decomposition and Dual Attention Module) not only demonstrates significant advancements in predictive performance, but also the proposed decomposition strategy can be plugged into other methods with a large performance-boosting, from 11.87% to 48.56% MSE error degradation.

Homeomorphic Image Registration via Conformal-Invariant Hyperelastic Regularisation

Deformable image registration is a fundamental task in medical image analysis and plays a crucial role in a wide range of clinical applications. Recently, deep learning-based approaches have been widely studied for deformable medical image registration and achieved promising results. However, existing deep learning image registration techniques do not theoretically guarantee topology-preserving transformations. This is a key property to preserve anatomical structures and achieve plausible transformations that can be used in real clinical settings. We propose a novel framework for deformable image registration. Firstly, we introduce a novel regulariser based on conformal-invariant properties in a nonlinear elasticity setting. Our regulariser enforces the deformation field to be smooth, invertible and orientation-preserving. More importantly, we strictly guarantee topology preservation yielding to a clinical meaningful registration. Secondly, we boost the performance of our regulariser through coordinate MLPs, where one can view the to-be-registered images as continuously differentiable entities. We demonstrate, through numerical and visual experiments, that our framework is able to outperform current techniques for image registration.

AMDET: Attention based Multiple Dimensions EEG Transformer for Emotion Recognition

Affective computing is an important branch of artificial intelligence, and with the rapid development of brain computer interface technology, emotion recognition based on EEG signals has received broad attention. It is still a great challenge to effectively explore the multi-dimensional information in the EEG data in spite of a large number of deep learning methods. In this paper, we propose a deep model called Attention-based Multiple Dimensions EEG Transformer (AMDET), which can exploit the complementarity among the spectral-spatial-temporal features of EEG data by employing the multi-dimensional global attention mechanism. We transformed the original EEG data into 3D temporal-spectral-spatial representations and then the AMDET would use spectral-spatial transformer encoder layer to extract effective features in the EEG signal and concentrate on the critical time frame with a temporal attention layer. We conduct extensive experiments on the DEAP, SEED, and SEED-IV datasets to evaluate the performance of AMDET and the results outperform the state-of-the-art baseline on three datasets. Accuracy rates of 97.48%, 96.85%, 97.17%, 87.32% were achieved in the DEAP-Arousal, DEAP-Valence, SEED, and SEED-IV datasets, respectively. We also conduct extensive experiments to explore the possible brain regions that influence emotions and the coupling of EEG signals. AMDET can perform as well even with few channels which are identified by visualizing what learned model focus on. The accuracy could achieve over 90% even with only eight channels and it is of great use and benefit for practical applications.