MoAKE: Toward Unified All-in-One Action Quality Assessment via Mixture of Action Knowledge Experts

Action Quality Assessment (AQA) aims to objectively evaluate performance quality from action videos. Most existing methods follow a ``one-by-one'' paradigm, training a separate model for each action type. This setting limits real-world deployment, as it requires prior action-type knowledge to select the corresponding model and suffers from poor generalization across diverse actions. To address these limitations, we study the challenging task of all-in-one AQA, which aims to assess heterogeneous actions within a single unified model. We propose a novel Mixture of Action Knowledge Experts (MoAKE) framework, designed to mitigate negative knowledge transfer caused by large semantic discrepancies among actions. MoAKE learns complementary experts that capture diverse action patterns within a shared semantic space and dynamically aggregates their knowledge to adapt the assessment to the input action. Each expert is tailored with segment-aware prototypes to handle varying temporal lengths, together with an Adaptive Intra- and Inter-Segment Relationship Modeling (AIISRM) module to model multi-granularity temporal dynamics. Furthermore, we establish comprehensive benchmarks for all-in-one as well as zero/few-shot AQA. Extensive experiments on three long-term datasets demonstrate that MoAKE significantly outperforms existing methods in the all-in-one setting, while also achieving consistent generalization on three short-term datasets under zero/few-shot evaluation. Code is available at https://github.com/XuHuangbiao/MoAKE.

$\mathbf{S^2LM}$: Towards Semantic Steganography via Large Language Models

Although steganography has made significant advancements in recent years, it still struggles to embed semantically rich, sentence-level information into carriers. However, in the era of AIGC, the capacity of steganography is more critical than ever. In this work, we present Sentence-to-Image Steganography, an instance of Semantic Steganography, a novel task that enables the hiding of arbitrary sentence-level messages within a cover image. Furthermore, we establish a benchmark named Invisible Text (IVT), comprising a diverse set of sentence-level texts as secret messages for evaluation. Finally, we present $\mathbf{S^2LM}$: Semantic Steganographic Language Model, which utilizes large language models (LLMs) to embed high-level textual information, such as sentences or even paragraphs, into images. Unlike traditional bit-level counterparts, $\mathrm{S^2LM}$ enables the integration of semantically rich content through a newly designed pipeline in which the LLM is involved throughout the entire process. Both quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that our method effectively unlocks new semantic steganographic capabilities for LLMs. The source code will be released soon.

URWKV: Unified RWKV Model with Multi-state Perspective for Low-light Image Restoration

Existing low-light image enhancement (LLIE) and joint LLIE and deblurring (LLIE-deblur) models have made strides in addressing predefined degradations, yet they are often constrained by dynamically coupled degradations. To address these challenges, we introduce a Unified Receptance Weighted Key Value (URWKV) model with multi-state perspective, enabling flexible and effective degradation restoration for low-light images. Specifically, we customize the core URWKV block to perceive and analyze complex degradations by leveraging multiple intra- and inter-stage states. First, inspired by the pupil mechanism in the human visual system, we propose Luminance-adaptive Normalization (LAN) that adjusts normalization parameters based on rich inter-stage states, allowing for adaptive, scene-aware luminance modulation. Second, we aggregate multiple intra-stage states through exponential moving average approach, effectively capturing subtle variations while mitigating information loss inherent in the single-state mechanism. To reduce the degradation effects commonly associated with conventional skip connections, we propose the State-aware Selective Fusion (SSF) module, which dynamically aligns and integrates multi-state features across encoder stages, selectively fusing contextual information. In comparison to state-of-the-art models, our URWKV model achieves superior performance on various benchmarks, while requiring significantly fewer parameters and computational resources.