Heart Abnormality Detection from Heart Sound Signals using MFCC Feature and Dual Stream Attention Based Network

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading cause of death in today's world and early screening of heart condition plays a crucial role in preventing them. The heart sound signal is one of the primary indicator of heart condition and can be used to detect abnormality in the heart. The acquisition of heart sound signal is non-invasive, cost effective and requires minimum equipment. But currently the detection of heart abnormality from heart sound signal depends largely on the expertise and experience of the physician. As such an automatic detection system for heart abnormality detection from heart sound signal can be a great asset for the people living in underdeveloped areas. In this paper we propose a novel deep learning based dual stream network with attention mechanism that uses both the raw heart sound signal and the MFCC features to detect abnormality in heart condition of a patient. The deep neural network has a convolutional stream that uses the raw heart sound signal and a recurrent stream that uses the MFCC features of the signal. The features from these two streams are merged together using a novel attention network and passed through the classification network. The model is trained on the largest publicly available dataset of PCG signal and achieves an accuracy of 87.11, sensitivity of 82.41, specificty of 91.8 and a MACC of 87.12.

Privacy-preserving Non-negative Matrix Factorization with Outliers

Non-negative matrix factorization is a popular unsupervised machine learning algorithm for extracting meaningful features from data which are inherently non-negative. However, such data sets may often contain privacy-sensitive user data, and therefore, we may need to take necessary steps to ensure the privacy of the users while analyzing the data. In this work, we focus on developing a Non-negative matrix factorization algorithm in the privacy-preserving framework. More specifically, we propose a novel privacy-preserving algorithm for non-negative matrix factorisation capable of operating on private data, while achieving results comparable to those of the non-private algorithm. We design the framework such that one has the control to select the degree of privacy grantee based on the utility gap. We show our proposed framework's performance in six real data sets. The experimental results show that our proposed method can achieve very close performance with the non-private algorithm under some parameter regime, while ensuring strict privacy.

A Sequence Agnostic Multimodal Preprocessing for Clogged Blood Vessel Detection in Alzheimer's Diagnosis

Successful identification of blood vessel blockage is a crucial step for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. These blocks can be identified from the spatial and time-depth variable Two-Photon Excitation Microscopy (TPEF) images of the brain blood vessels using machine learning methods. In this study, we propose several preprocessing schemes to improve the performance of these methods. Our method includes 3D-point cloud data extraction from image modality and their feature-space fusion to leverage complementary information inherent in different modalities. We also enforce the learned representation to be sequence-order invariant by utilizing bi-direction dataflow. Experimental results on The Clog Loss dataset show that our proposed method consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art preprocessing methods in stalled and non-stalled vessel classification.