EAGLE: Edge-Aware Graph Learning for Proactive Delivery Delay Prediction in Smart Logistics Networks

Modern logistics networks generate rich operational data streams at every warehouse node and transportation lane -- from order timestamps and routing records to shipping manifests -- yet predicting delivery delays remains predominantly reactive. Existing predictive approaches typically treat this problem either as a tabular classification task, ignoring network topology, or as a time-series anomaly detection task, overlooking the spatial dependencies of the supply chain graph. To bridge this gap, we propose a hybrid deep learning framework for proactive supply chain risk management. The proposed method jointly models temporal order-flow dynamics via a lightweight Transformer patch encoder and inter-hub relational dependencies through an Edge-Aware Graph Attention Network (E-GAT), optimized via a multi-task learning objective. Evaluated on the real-world DataCo Smart Supply Chain dataset, our framework achieves consistent improvements over baseline methods, yielding an F1-score of 0.8762 and an AUC-ROC of 0.9773. Across four independent random seeds, the framework exhibits a cross-seed F1 standard deviation of only 0.0089 -- a 3.8 times improvement over the best ablated variant -- achieving the strongest balance of predictive accuracy and training stability among all evaluated models.

LLM-Grounded Explainability for Port Congestion Prediction via Temporal Graph Attention Networks

Port congestion at major maritime hubs disrupts global supply chains, yet existing prediction systems typically prioritize forecasting accuracy without providing operationally interpretable explanations. This paper proposes AIS-TGNN, an evidence-grounded framework that jointly performs congestion-escalation prediction and faithful natural-language explanation by coupling a Temporal Graph Attention Network (TGAT) with a structured large language model (LLM) reasoning module. Daily spatial graphs are constructed from Automatic Identification System (AIS) broadcasts, where each grid cell represents localized vessel activity and inter-cell interactions are modeled through attention-based message passing. The TGAT predictor captures spatiotemporal congestion dynamics, while model-internal evidence, including feature z-scores and attention-derived neighbor influence, is transformed into structured prompts that constrain LLM reasoning to verifiable model outputs. To evaluate explanatory reliability, we introduce a directional-consistency validation protocol that quantitatively measures agreement between generated narratives and underlying statistical evidence. Experiments on six months of AIS data from the Port of Los Angeles and Long Beach demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms both LR and GCN baselines, achieving a test AUC of 0.761, AP of 0.344, and recall of 0.504 under a strict chronological split while producing explanations with 99.6% directional consistency. Results show that grounding LLM generation in graph-model evidence enables interpretable and auditable risk reporting without sacrificing predictive performance. The framework provides a practical pathway toward operationally deployable explainable AI for maritime congestion monitoring and supply-chain risk management.

Non-Intrusive Graph-Based Bot Detection for E-Commerce Using Inductive Graph Neural Networks

Malicious bots pose a growing threat to e-commerce platforms by scraping data, hoarding inventory, and perpetrating fraud. Traditional bot mitigation techniques, including IP blacklists and CAPTCHA-based challenges, are increasingly ineffective or intrusive, as modern bots leverage proxies, botnets, and AI-assisted evasion strategies. This work proposes a non-intrusive graph-based bot detection framework for e-commerce that models user session behavior through a graph representation and applies an inductive graph neural network for classification. The approach captures both relational structure and behavioral semantics, enabling accurate identification of subtle automated activity that evades feature-based methods. Experiments on real-world e-commerce traffic demonstrate that the proposed inductive graph model outperforms a strong session-level multilayer perceptron baseline in terms of AUC and F1 score. Additional adversarial perturbation and cold-start simulations show that the model remains robust under moderate graph modifications and generalizes effectively to previously unseen sessions and URLs. The proposed framework is deployment-friendly, integrates with existing systems without client-side instrumentation, and supports real-time inference and incremental updates, making it suitable for practical e-commerce security deployments.

Resilient Routing: Risk-Aware Dynamic Routing in Smart Logistics via Spatiotemporal Graph Learning

With the rapid development of the e-commerce industry, the logistics network is experiencing unprecedented pressure. The traditional static routing strategy most time cannot tolerate the traffic congestion and fluctuating retail demand. In this paper, we propose a Risk-Aware Dynamic Routing(RADR) framework which integrates Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks (ST-GNN) with combinatorial optimization. We first construct a logistics topology graph by using the discrete GPS data using spatial clustering methods. Subsequently, a hybrid deep learning model combining Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is adopted to extract spatial correlations and temporal dependencies for predicting future congestion risks. These prediction results are then integrated into a dynamic edge weight mechanism to perform path planning. We evaluated the framework on the Smart Logistics Dataset 2024, which contains real-world Internet of Things(IoT) sensor data. The experimental results show that the RADR algorithm significantly enhances the resilience of the supply chain. Particularly in the case study of high congestion scenarios, our method reduces the potential congestion risk exposure by 19.3% while only increasing the transportation distance by 2.1%. This empirical evidence confirms that the proposed data-driven approach can effectively balance delivery efficiency and operational safety.