AtomXR: Streamlined XR Prototyping with Natural Language and Immersive Physical Interaction

As technological advancements in extended reality (XR) amplify the demand for more XR content, traditional development processes face several challenges: 1) a steep learning curve for inexperienced developers, 2) a disconnect between 2D development environments and 3D user experiences inside headsets, and 3) slow iteration cycles due to context switching between development and testing environments. To address these challenges, we introduce AtomXR, a streamlined, immersive, no-code XR prototyping tool designed to empower both experienced and inexperienced developers in creating applications using natural language, eye-gaze, and touch interactions. AtomXR consists of: 1) AtomScript, a high-level human-interpretable scripting language for rapid prototyping, 2) a natural language interface that integrates LLMs and multimodal inputs for AtomScript generation, and 3) an immersive in-headset authoring environment. Empirical evaluation through two user studies offers insights into natural language-based and immersive prototyping, and shows AtomXR provides significant improvements in speed and user experience compared to traditional systems.

Computational design of organic solar cell active layer through genetic algorithm

The active layer microstructure of organic solar cells is critical to efficiency. By studying the photovoltaic properties of organic solar cell's microstructure, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the solar cell. A graph-based microstructure model was employed to approximate the efficiency, measured as short circuit current, of a solar cell given a microstructure. Through probabilistic graph-based optimization, a class of microstructures were found with an efficiency surpassing that of more conventional morphologies. These optimized solar cells surpass the efficiency of more conventional photovoltaic devices as they better facilitate charge transport, generation, and dissociation. A device was designed with a 40.29% increase in short circuit current from the solar cells with the currently believed optimal morphology. The designed morphologies feature two dendritic clusters of the donor material poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and the acceptor material phenyl-C61-Butyric-Acid-Methyl Ester (PCBM). The designed microstructure's increase in performance contrasts with more conventional structures featuring interdigitated or bilayer strands of P3HT and PCBM. The change of microstructure morphology through graph-based evolution obtains an organic solar cell with an efficiency significantly greater than conventional organic solar cells, proves the validity of graph-based microstructure models for simulation in materials science, and advances the vision of an inexpensive, efficient form of renewable energy.