Latent-IM: Latent Interaction Management for Speech LLMs

Classical spoken dialogue systems often separated dialogue management from response realization: a policy selected the next dialogue action, and a generation component expressed that action. As dialogue systems shift toward LLMs, this decomposition has largely disappeared into the model's hidden representations. We ask whether an LLM-internal analogue of state estimation and action control can be recovered for conversational moves such as acknowledging, checking, querying, explaining, and replying. We formulate move control as two coupled problems: selection, predicting the appropriate next move from the dialogue context, and realization, causally producing a chosen move at generation time. We introduce Latent-IM, an internal dialogue-management framework that provides a general interface for choosing and deploying conversational moves under different objectives. Here, we use this control to reproduce human move choices, improving average end-to-end move accuracy by 12.5 points over the unsteered backbone while performing comparably to fine-tuning.

Selective State-Space Adaptation and Retrieval for Language Model Reasoning

Low-rank adaptation introduces a static learned update applied identically to every input. The update provides task-level adaptation but does not explicitly represent token-level or instance-level state variation. A family of adapters is proposed that introduces selective state-space recurrence at two complementary granularities. At the token level, \textbf{MaLoRA} (Mamba-modulated low-rank adaptation) makes the adapter's scaling factor a dynamic input-dependent function with recurrent state across tokens, in contrast to the stateless modulators of prior work. At the context level, \textbf{MaRA} (Mamba Retrieval Adapter) tracks cross-segment state and selects the segments most relevant to the query, before the modulated language model generates its answer. Across three frozen backbones (Qwen-2.5-7B, Llama-3.1-8B, Gemma-2-9B) and two reasoning benchmarks (MuSiQue, 2WikiMultihopQA), the family improves reasoning accuracy on every cell of the $3{\times}2$ grid, by $+6.8$ F1 ($+10.5\%$ relative) on average and up to $+9.3$ F1 ($+18.2\%$ relative) on the hardest cell over the LoRA baseline, and the token-level gains carry to RULER QA-2 under length stress.

TEMPER: Testing Emotional Perturbation in Quantitative Reasoning

Large language models are trained and evaluated on quantitative reasoning tasks written in clean, emotionally neutral language. However, real-world queries are often wrapped in frustration, urgency or enthusiasm. Does emotional framing alone degrade reasoning when all numerical content is preserved? To investigate this, a controlled emotion translation framework is developed that rewrites problems into emotional variants while preserving all quantities and relationships. Using this framework, Temper-5400 (5,400 semantically verified emotion--neutral pairs) is constructed across GSM8K, MultiArith, and ARC-Challenge, and evaluated on eighteen models (1B to frontier scale). Two core results emerge: First, emotional framing reduces accuracy by 2-10 percentage points even though all numerical content is preserved. Second, neutralizing emotional variants recovers most of the lost performance, showing both that the degradation is tied to emotional style rather than content corruption and that neutralization can serve as a lightweight inference-time mitigation. Non-emotional paraphrases cause no such degradation, implicating emotional content rather than surface-level changes. Beyond emotion specifically, the benchmark construction procedure provides a general framework for controlled stylistic translation and robustness evaluation.

Interpreting Video Representations with Spatio-Temporal Sparse Autoencoders

We present the first systematic study of Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) on video representations. Standard SAEs decompose video into interpretable, monosemantic features but destroy temporal coherence: hard TopK selection produces unstable feature assignments across frames, reducing autocorrelation by 36%. We propose spatio-temporal contrastive objectives and Matryoshka hierarchical grouping that recover and even exceed raw temporal coherence. The contrastive loss weight controls a tunable trade-off between reconstruction and temporal coherence. A systematic ablation on two backbones and two datasets shows that different configurations excel at different goals: reconstruction fidelity, temporal coherence, action discrimination, or interpretability. Contrastive SAE features improve action classification by +3.9% over raw features and text-video retrieval by up to 2.8xR@1. A cross-backbone analysis reveals that standard monosemanticity metrics contain a backbone-alignment artifact: both DINOv2 and VideoMAE produce equally monosemantic features under neutral (CLIP) similarity. Causal ablation confirms that contrastive training concentrates predictive signal into a small number of identifiable features.

Remote Estimation Games with Random Walk Processes: Stackelberg Equilibrium

Remote estimation is a crucial element of real time monitoring of a stochastic process. While most of the existing works have concentrated on obtaining optimal sampling strategies, motivated by malicious attacks on cyber-physical systems, we model sensing under surveillance as a game between an attacker and a defender. This introduces strategic elements to conventional remote estimation problems. Additionally, inspired by increasing detection capabilities, we model an element of information leakage for each player. Parameterizing the game in terms of uncertainty on each side, information leakage, and cost of sampling, we consider the Stackelberg Equilibrium (SE) concept where one of the players acts as the leader and the other one as the follower. By focusing our attention on stationary probabilistic sampling policies, we characterize the SE of this game and provide simulations to show the efficacy of our results.