Structure-aware Riemannian Growth Fields for 4D Plant Modeling

In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for 4D plant growth modeling that reconstructs the continuous geometric and topological evolution of plants from sparse temporal observations. Existing methods mainly rely on dense registration, yet reliable dense sequences are hard to obtain due to scanning constraints and self-occlusions, leaving these approaches struggling under large temporal gaps where rapid organ emergence violates local rigidity. To overcome this, we bridge these gaps by formulating plant morphogenesis as a continuous procedural process on a structure-aware Riemannian growth field; this jointly models topology evolution and geometric deformation, preserving botanical hierarchies and stable spatio-temporal correspondences across distant timepoints. Our key idea is to ground symbolic growth rules within a continuous geodesic flow, where organ development follows biologically modulated trajectories that preserve structural coherence under topological changes. We further contribute a 10-day dual-species dataset with dense geometric and semantic annotations. Experiments demonstrate that our method accurately tracks individual organ growth over time and significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in both geometric accuracy and correspondence consistency.