Errors-in-Variables for deep learning: rethinking aleatoric uncertainty

We present a Bayesian treatment for deep regression using an Errors-in-Variables model which accounts for the uncertainty associated with the input to the employed neural network. It is shown how the treatment can be combined with already existing approaches for uncertainty quantification that are based on variational inference. Our approach yields a decomposition of the predictive uncertainty into an aleatoric and epistemic part that is more complete and, in many cases, more consistent from a statistical perspective. We illustrate and discuss the approach along various toy and real world examples.