A Protocol-Language Model for Network Intrusion (Without Deep Packet Inspection)

Modern network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) are caught in a structural contradiction: the protocols carrying the highest threat intelligence are precisely those encrypted under TLS 1.3 and QUIC, where payload inspection yields nothing. We ask a simpler question -- what if the attack signature is not in the bytes, but in the rhythm? -- and answer it by treating network flows as a language whose grammar is written entirely in L3/L4 packet metadata: length, inter-arrival time, TTL, TCP flags, and hashed port numbers. We present PLM-NIDS, which proves three claims in sequence. (1) The grammar exists and is learnable: a RWKV-4 state-space model trained on 344,232 unlabelled Monday flows achieves a causal LM validation loss of 0.204, demonstrating that benign traffic has predictable, statistically consistent structure. (2) Attacks violate this grammar: the per-flow perplexity score cleanly separates benign from attack flows with PR-AUC = 0.93 using zero attack labels at training time. (3) This separation is architecturally nontrivial: an LSTM trained on identical token sequences degenerates to a majority-class predictor (ROC-AUC approximately 0.50, F1 = 0.91 by always predicting "attack"), proving that RWKV's causal pre-training provides an inductive bias unavailable to direct classifiers. Supervised fine-tuning further raises PR-AUC to 0.94 and ROC-AUC to 0.75, with a precision of 97.7% at the calibrated operating threshold. The RWKV backbone's O(T) recurrent inference enables per-packet streaming without flow buffering, making PLM-NIDS operationally viable at line rate. Because it reads only IP/TCP/UDP headers, it is inherently encryption-agnostic: TLS 1.3, QUIC, and future encrypted protocols are handled transparently.

Design and Implementation of Modified Fuzzy based CPU Scheduling Algorithm

CPU Scheduling is the base of multiprogramming. Scheduling is a process which decides order of task from a set of multiple tasks that are ready to execute. There are number of CPU scheduling algorithms available, but it is very difficult task to decide which one is better. This paper discusses the design and implementation of modified fuzzy based CPU scheduling algorithm. This paper present a new set of fuzzy rules. It demonstrates that scheduling done with new priority improves average waiting time and average turnaround time.

Randomized Memetic Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization algorithm is one of the recent population based probabilistic approach developed for global optimization. ABC is simple and has been showed significant improvement over other Nature Inspired Algorithms (NIAs) when tested over some standard benchmark functions and for some complex real world optimization problems. Memetic Algorithms also become one of the key methodologies to solve the very large and complex real-world optimization problems. The solution search equation of Memetic ABC is based on Golden Section Search and an arbitrary value which tries to balance exploration and exploitation of search space. But still there are some chances to skip the exact solution due to its step size. In order to balance between diversification and intensification capability of the Memetic ABC, it is randomized the step size in Memetic ABC. The proposed algorithm is named as Randomized Memetic ABC (RMABC). In RMABC, new solutions are generated nearby the best so far solution and it helps to increase the exploitation capability of Memetic ABC. The experiments on some test problems of different complexities and one well known engineering optimization application show that the proposed algorithm outperforms over Memetic ABC (MeABC) and some other variant of ABC algorithm(like Gbest guided ABC (GABC),Hooke Jeeves ABC (HJABC), Best-So-Far ABC (BSFABC) and Modified ABC (MABC) in case of almost all the problems.

Memetic Search in Differential Evolution Algorithm

Differential Evolution (DE) is a renowned optimization stratagem that can easily solve nonlinear and comprehensive problems. DE is a well known and uncomplicated population based probabilistic approach for comprehensive optimization. It has apparently outperformed a number of Evolutionary Algorithms and further search heuristics in the vein of Particle Swarm Optimization at what time of testing over both yardstick and actual world problems. Nevertheless, DE, like other probabilistic optimization algorithms, from time to time exhibits precipitate convergence and stagnates at suboptimal position. In order to stay away from stagnation behavior while maintaining an excellent convergence speed, an innovative search strategy is introduced, named memetic search in DE. In the planned strategy, positions update equation customized as per a memetic search stratagem. In this strategy a better solution participates more times in the position modernize procedure. The position update equation is inspired from the memetic search in artificial bee colony algorithm. The proposed strategy is named as Memetic Search in Differential Evolution (MSDE). To prove efficiency and efficacy of MSDE, it is tested over 8 benchmark optimization problems and three real world optimization problems. A comparative analysis has also been carried out among proposed MSDE and original DE. Results show that the anticipated algorithm go one better than the basic DE and its recent deviations in a good number of the experiments.

Improved Onlooker Bee Phase in Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is a distinguished optimization strategy that can resolve nonlinear and multifaceted problems. It is comparatively a straightforward and modern population based probabilistic approach for comprehensive optimization. In the vein of the other population based algorithms, ABC is moreover computationally classy due to its slow nature of search procedure. The solution exploration equation of ABC is extensively influenced by a arbitrary quantity which helps in exploration at the cost of exploitation of the better search space. In the solution exploration equation of ABC due to the outsized step size the chance of skipping the factual solution is high. Therefore, here this paper improve onlooker bee phase with help of a local search strategy inspired by memetic algorithm to balance the diversity and convergence capability of the ABC. The proposed algorithm is named as Improved Onlooker Bee Phase in ABC (IoABC). It is tested over 12 well known un-biased test problems of diverse complexities and two engineering optimization problems; results show that the anticipated algorithm go one better than the basic ABC and its recent deviations in a good number of the experiments.

A Novel Hybrid Crossover based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Optimization Problem

Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm has proved its importance in solving a number of problems including engineering optimization problems. ABC algorithm is one of the most popular and youngest member of the family of population based nature inspired meta-heuristic swarm intelligence method. ABC has been proved its superiority over some other Nature Inspired Algorithms (NIA) when applied for both benchmark functions and real world problems. The performance of search process of ABC depends on a random value which tries to balance exploration and exploitation phase. In order to increase the performance it is required to balance the exploration of search space and exploitation of optimal solution of the ABC. This paper outlines a new hybrid of ABC algorithm with Genetic Algorithm. The proposed method integrates crossover operation from Genetic Algorithm (GA) with original ABC algorithm. The proposed method is named as Crossover based ABC (CbABC). The CbABC strengthens the exploitation phase of ABC as crossover enhances exploration of search space. The CbABC tested over four standard benchmark functions and a popular continuous optimization problem.