Homological Time Series Analysis of Sensor Signals from Power Plants

In this paper, we use topological data analysis techniques to construct a suitable neural network classifier for the task of learning sensor signals of entire power plants according to their reference designation system. We use representations of persistence diagrams to derive necessary preprocessing steps and visualize the large amounts of data. We derive architectures with deep one-dimensional convolutional layers combined with stacked long short-term memories as residual networks suitable for processing the persistence features. We combine three separate sub-networks, obtaining as input the time series itself and a representation of the persistent homology for the zeroth and first dimension. We give a mathematical derivation for most of the used hyper-parameters. For validation, numerical experiments were performed with sensor data from four power plants of the same construction type.

Parametrization of Neural Networks with Connected Abelian Lie Groups as Data Manifold

Neural nets have been used in an elusive number of scientific disciplines. Nevertheless, their parameterization is largely unexplored. Dense nets are the coordinate transformations of a manifold from which the data is sampled. After processing through a layer, the representation of the original manifold may change. This is crucial for the preservation of its topological structure and should therefore be parameterized correctly. We discuss a method to determine the smallest topology preserving layer considering the data domain as abelian connected Lie group and observe that it is decomposable into $\mathbb{R}^p \times \mathbb {T}^q$. Persistent homology allows us to count its $k$-th homology groups. Using K\"unneth's theorem, we count the $k$-th Betti numbers. Since we know the embedding dimension of $\mathbb{R}^p$ and $\mathcal{S}^1$, we parameterize the bottleneck layer with the smallest possible matrix group, which can represent a manifold with those homology groups. Resnets guarantee smaller embeddings due to the dimension of their state space representation.

Persistent Homology as Stopping-Criterion for Voronoi Interpolation

In this study the Voronoi interpolation is used to interpolate a set of points drawn from a topological space with higher homology groups on its filtration. The technique is based on Voronoi tesselation, which induces a natural dual map to the Delaunay triangulation. Advantage is taken from this fact calculating the persistent homology on it after each iteration to capture the changing topology of the data. The boundary points are identified as critical. The Bottleneck and Wasserstein distance serve as a measure of quality between the original point set and the interpolation. If the norm of two distances exceeds a heuristically determined threshold, the algorithm terminates. We give the theoretical basis for this approach and justify its validity with numerical experiments.