Self-Supervised ConvLSTM for Fermi Large Area Telescope Transient Detection

We present a framework for detecting transient gamma-ray phenomena in a controlled environment by combining end-to-end simulations of the Fermi-LAT sky with self-supervised spatio-temporal deep learning. We generate a ten-year synthetic Universe with gtobssim and process the simulated events into daily all-sky maps of counts and exposure, obtaining a time-ordered sequence that mirrors the structure of Fermi-LAT observations. To model the nominal evolution of the sky, we employ a Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) network that operates directly on map sequences, preserving spatial locality while learning temporal dependencies. The model is trained to reconstruct expected emission, and departures from the learned baseline are quantified through pixel-wise mean-squared residual maps. We then define statistically motivated anomaly criteria by estimating per-pixel thresholds from the residual distribution on the training set, and we enforce spatial coherence via local filtering to suppress isolated fluctuations. The ConvLSTM is then deployed as trained predictor on Fermi-LAT daily maps, where the sky can depart from the nominal behavior because of genuine astrophysical variability and instrumental non-stationarities. The resulting pipeline flags localized, time-dependent excesses consistent with high-variable sources or transient events (e.g., flares or GRBs) and provides a benchmark for evaluating anomaly-detection strategies on long-duration, Fermi-LAT-like datasets.

Real-Time Oil Leakage Detection on Aftermarket Motorcycle Damping System with Convolutional Neural Networks

In this work, we describe in detail how Deep Learning and Computer Vision can help to detect fault events of the AirTender system, an aftermarket motorcycle damping system component. One of the most effective ways to monitor the AirTender functioning is to look for oil stains on its surface. Starting from real-time images, AirTender is first detected in the motorbike suspension system and then a binary classifier determines whether AirTender is spilling oil or not. The detection is made with the help of the Yolo5 architecture, whereas the classification is carried out with the help of a suitably designed Convolutional Neural Network, OilNet40. In order to detect oil leaks more clearly, we dilute the oil in AirTender with a fluorescent dye with excitation wavelength peak of approximately 390 nm. AirTender is then illuminated with suitable UV LEDs. The whole system is an attempt to design a low-cost detection setup. An on-board device, such as a mini-computer, is placed near the suspension system and connected to a full hd camera framing AirTender. The on-board device, through our Neural Network algorithm, is then able to localize and classify AirTender as normally functioning (non-leak image) or anomaly (leak image).

Comparing Prophet and Deep Learning to ARIMA in Forecasting Wholesale Food Prices

Setting sale prices correctly is of great importance for firms, and the study and forecast of prices time series is therefore a relevant topic not only from a data science perspective but also from an economic and applicative one. In this paper we examine different techniques to forecast sale prices applied by an Italian food wholesaler, as a step towards the automation of pricing tasks usually taken care by human workforce. We consider ARIMA models and compare them to Prophet, a scalable forecasting tool by Facebook based on a generalized additive model, and to deep learning models exploiting Long Short--Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). ARIMA models are frequently used in econometric analyses, providing a good benchmark for the problem under study. Our results indicate that ARIMA models and LSTM neural networks perform similarly for the forecasting task under consideration, while the combination of CNNs and LSTMs attains the best overall accuracy, but requires more time to be tuned. On the contrary, Prophet is quick and easy to use, but considerably less accurate.t overall accuracy, but requires more time to be tuned. On the contrary, Prophet is quick and easy to use, but considerably less accurate.