LymphAtlas- A Unified Multimodal Lymphoma Imaging Repository Delivering AI-Enhanced Diagnostic Insight

This study integrates PET metabolic information with CT anatomical structures to establish a 3D multimodal segmentation dataset for lymphoma based on whole-body FDG PET/CT examinations, which bridges the gap of the lack of standardised multimodal segmentation datasets in the field of haematological malignancies. We retrospectively collected 483 examination datasets acquired between March 2011 and May 2024, involving 220 patients (106 non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 42 Hodgkin lymphoma); all data underwent ethical review and were rigorously de-identified. Complete 3D structural information was preserved during data acquisition, preprocessing and annotation, and a high-quality dataset was constructed based on the nnUNet format. By systematic technical validation and evaluation of the preprocessing process, annotation quality and automatic segmentation algorithm, the deep learning model trained based on this dataset is verified to achieve accurate segmentation of lymphoma lesions in PET/CT images with high accuracy, good robustness and reproducibility, which proves the applicability and stability of this dataset in accurate segmentation and quantitative analysis. The deep fusion of PET/CT images achieved with this dataset not only significantly improves the accurate portrayal of the morphology, location and metabolic features of tumour lesions, but also provides solid data support for early diagnosis, clinical staging and personalized treatment, and promotes the development of automated image segmentation and precision medicine based on deep learning. The dataset and related resources are available at https://github.com/SuperD0122/LymphAtlas-.

PINN-EMFNet: PINN-based and Enhanced Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Network for Breast Ultrasound Images Segmentation

With the rapid development of deep learning and computer vision technologies, medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. However, due to the characteristics of breast ultrasound images, such as low contrast, speckle noise, and the highly diverse morphology of tumors, existing segmentation methods exhibit significant limitations in terms of accuracy and robustness. To address these challenges, this study proposes a PINN-based and Enhanced Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Network. The network introduces a Hierarchical Aggregation Encoder in the backbone, which efficiently integrates and globally models multi-scale features through several structural innovations and a novel PCAM module. In the decoder section, a Multi-Scale Feature Refinement Decoder is employed, which, combined with a Multi-Scale Supervision Mechanism and a correction module, significantly improves segmentation accuracy and adaptability. Additionally, the loss function incorporating the PINN mechanism introduces physical constraints during the segmentation process, enhancing the model's ability to accurately delineate tumor boundaries. Comprehensive evaluations on two publicly available breast ultrasound datasets, BUSIS and BUSI, demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms previous segmentation approaches in terms of segmentation accuracy and robustness, particularly under conditions of complex noise and low contrast, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of tumor segmentation. This method provides a more precise and robust solution for computer-aided diagnosis of breast ultrasound images.