State-of-Charge Estimation of a Li-Ion Battery using Deep Forward Neural Networks

This article presents two Deep Forward Networks with two and four hidden layers, respectively, that model the drive cycle of a Panasonic 18650PF lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery at a given temperature using the K-fold cross-validation method, in order to estimate the State of Charge (SOC) of the cell. The drive cycle power profile is calculated for an electric truck with a 35kWh battery pack scaled for a single 18650PF cell. We propose a machine learning workflow which is able to fight overfitting when developing deep learning models for SOC estimation. The contribution of this work is to present a methodology of building a Deep Forward Network for a lithium-ion battery and its performance assessment, which follows the best practices in machine learning.