Blocker-Aware Beamforming and Dynamic Power Allocation for Multicarrier ISAC-NOMA Systems

This paper proposes a blocker-aware multicarrier integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)-non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system, leveraging hybrid beamforming and dynamic power allocation to enhance spectrum efficiency in 6G networks. Recognizing the performance degradation caused by environmental blockers, the system introduces a joint waveform design that ensures robust operation under varying channel conditions. A channel switching mechanism is deployed to reroute communication through alternative non-line-of-sight paths when the primary line-of-sight links are obstructed. Moreover, a dynamic power allocation strategy enforces a minimum rate constraint for the weak NOMA user, ensuring consistent quality of service. Extensive simulations over multiple blockage scenarios and signal to noise (SNR) conditions validate the effectiveness of the proposed solution. Notably, under severe blockage, the system achieves up to a 400% sensing rate enhancement at 15 dB SNR, with only a 20% reduction in communication rate. These results corroborate the system's ability to adapt and optimize joint sensing-communication performance in practical deployment environments.