A Novel 3D Antenna Architecture with Spatial Resource Allocation for Massive MIMO HAPS

Spatial correlation poses a significant challenge in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) high-altitude platform station (HAPS) systems. The inherent spatial correlation among antenna elements on the HAPS induces high correlation and interference among users' channel gains. To mitigate this issue, we propose an integrated approach that combines spatial resource allocation and user clustering. In our proposed solution, we assign the same resource blocks to users with orthogonal channel gains, while users with non-orthogonal channel gains receive different resource blocks. Additionally, we propose a sectorized antenna architecture for the massive MIMO HAPS base station, specifically designed to directly transmit three-dimensional beams to users and reduce spatial correlation among antenna elements. This work addresses the joint optimization problem of power allocation and resource allocation to maximize the overall data rate of the massive MIMO HAPS system. Simulation results revealed the role of spatial resource allocation in managing spatial correlation and interference among users.