Recommending POIs for Tourists by User Behavior Modeling and Pseudo-Rating

POI recommendation is a key task in tourism information systems. However, in contrast to conventional point of interest (POI) recommender systems, the available data is extremely sparse; most tourist visit a few sightseeing spots once and most of these spots have no check-in data from new tourists. Most conventional systems rank sightseeing spots based on their popularity, reputations, and category-based similarities with users' preferences. They do not clarify what users can experience in these spots, which makes it difficult to meet diverse tourism needs. To this end, in this work, we propose a mechanism to recommend POIs to tourists. Our mechanism include two components: one is a probabilistic model that reveals the user behaviors in tourism; the other is a pseudo rating mechanism to handle the cold-start issue in POIs recommendations. We carried out extensive experiments with two datasets collected from Flickr. The experimental results demonstrate that our methods are superior to the state-of-the-art methods in both the recommendation performances (precision, recall and F-measure) and fairness. The experimental results also validate the robustness of the proposed methods, i.e., our methods can handle well the issue of data sparsity.