Feedback-Enhanced Hallucination-Resistant Vision-Language Model for Real-Time Scene Understanding

Real-time scene comprehension is a key advance in artificial intelligence, enhancing robotics, surveillance, and assistive tools. However, hallucination remains a challenge. AI systems often misinterpret visual inputs, detecting nonexistent objects or describing events that never happened. These errors, far from minor, threaten reliability in critical areas like security and autonomous navigation where accuracy is essential. Our approach tackles this by embedding self-awareness into the AI. Instead of trusting initial outputs, our framework continuously assesses them in real time, adjusting confidence thresholds dynamically. When certainty falls below a solid benchmark, it suppresses unreliable claims. Combining YOLOv5's object detection strength with VILA1.5-3B's controlled language generation, we tie descriptions to confirmed visual data. Strengths include dynamic threshold tuning for better accuracy, evidence-based text to reduce hallucination, and real-time performance at 18 frames per second. This feedback-driven design cuts hallucination by 37 percent over traditional methods. Fast, flexible, and reliable, it excels in applications from robotic navigation to security monitoring, aligning AI perception with reality.

Meta-FL: A Novel Meta-Learning Framework for Optimizing Heterogeneous Model Aggregation in Federated Learning

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across diverse entities while safeguarding data privacy. However, FL faces challenges such as data heterogeneity and model diversity. The Meta-Federated Learning (Meta-FL) framework has been introduced to tackle these challenges. Meta-FL employs an optimization-based Meta-Aggregator to navigate the complexities of heterogeneous model updates. The Meta-Aggregator enhances the global model's performance by leveraging meta-features, ensuring a tailored aggregation that accounts for each local model's accuracy. Empirical evaluation across four healthcare-related datasets demonstrates the Meta-FL framework's adaptability, efficiency, scalability, and robustness, outperforming conventional FL approaches. Furthermore, Meta-FL's remarkable efficiency and scalability are evident in its achievement of superior accuracy with fewer communication rounds and its capacity to manage expanding federated networks without compromising performance.

Enhanced Robustness in Wireless Communications through Unified Sequency-Frequency Multiplexing

In the evolving wireless communications landscape, addressing the challenges of multipath fading and high mobility remains paramount. This paper introduces the Unified Sequency-Frequency Multiplexing (USFM) framework, a pioneering modulation scheme designed to significantly improve signal robustness and system performance by harnessing the integrated strengths of both sequency and frequency domains. At the heart of USFM lies the Joint Sequency-Frequency Transform (JSFT), a novel mathematical operation that seamlessly merges the characteristics of the Walsh-Hadamard Transform (WHT) and the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Through rigorous mathematical modeling, we delineate the theoretical foundation of USFM, supported by theorems and lemmas that underscore its potential to mitigate common channel impairments more effectively than existing modulation schemes. Furthermore, we propose an optimization process, guided by machine learning algorithms, to dynamically adapt the signal based on real-time Channel State Information (CSI), ensuring optimal performance under diverse conditions. Empirical simulations demonstrate the superior performance of USFM in scenarios characterized by Rayleigh fading and Doppler effects, highlighting its advantages in terms of error probability reduction and spectral efficiency. The USFM framework represents a significant leap forward in communication theory and offers practical implications for designing future wireless systems that require high reliability and adaptability.

Enhancing Security in Federated Learning through Adaptive Consensus-Based Model Update Validation

This paper introduces an advanced approach for fortifying Federated Learning (FL) systems against label-flipping attacks. We propose a simplified consensus-based verification process integrated with an adaptive thresholding mechanism. This dynamic thresholding is designed to adjust based on the evolving landscape of model updates, offering a refined layer of anomaly detection that aligns with the real-time needs of distributed learning environments. Our method necessitates a majority consensus among participating clients to validate updates, ensuring that only vetted and consensual modifications are applied to the global model. The efficacy of our approach is validated through experiments on two benchmark datasets in deep learning, CIFAR-10 and MNIST. Our results indicate a significant mitigation of label-flipping attacks, bolstering the FL system's resilience. This method transcends conventional techniques that depend on anomaly detection or statistical validation by incorporating a verification layer reminiscent of blockchain's participatory validation without the associated cryptographic overhead. The innovation of our approach rests in striking an optimal balance between heightened security measures and the inherent limitations of FL systems, such as computational efficiency and data privacy. Implementing a consensus mechanism specifically tailored for FL environments paves the way for more secure, robust, and trustworthy distributed machine learning applications, where safeguarding data integrity and model robustness is critical.