Anomaly Detection of Wind Turbine Time Series using Variational Recurrent Autoencoders

Ice accumulation in the blades of wind turbines can cause them to describe anomalous rotations or no rotations at all, thus affecting the generation of electricity and power output. In this work, we investigate the problem of ice accumulation in wind turbines by framing it as anomaly detection of multi-variate time series. Our approach focuses on two main parts: first, learning low-dimensional representations of time series using a Variational Recurrent Autoencoder (VRAE), and second, using unsupervised clustering algorithms to classify the learned representations as normal (no ice accumulated) or abnormal (ice accumulated). We have evaluated our approach on a custom wind turbine time series dataset, for the two-classes problem (one normal versus one abnormal class), we obtained a classification accuracy of up to 96$\%$ on test data. For the multiple-class problem (one normal versus multiple abnormal classes), we present a qualitative analysis of the low-dimensional learned latent space, providing insights into the capacities of our approach to tackle such problem. The code to reproduce this work can be found here https://github.com/agrija9/Wind-Turbines-VRAE-Paper.