Attention GhostUNet++: Enhanced Segmentation of Adipose Tissue and Liver in CT Images

Accurate segmentation of abdominal adipose tissue, including subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), along with liver segmentation, is essential for understanding body composition and associated health risks such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study proposes Attention GhostUNet++, a novel deep learning model incorporating Channel, Spatial, and Depth Attention mechanisms into the Ghost UNet++ bottleneck for automated, precise segmentation. Evaluated on the AATTCT-IDS and LiTS datasets, the model achieved Dice coefficients of 0.9430 for VAT, 0.9639 for SAT, and 0.9652 for liver segmentation, surpassing baseline models. Despite minor limitations in boundary detail segmentation, the proposed model significantly enhances feature refinement, contextual understanding, and computational efficiency, offering a robust solution for body composition analysis. The implementation of the proposed Attention GhostUNet++ model is available at:https://github.com/MansoorHayat777/Attention-GhostUNetPlusPlus.

An Advanced Features Extraction Module for Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable advancement in the field of remote sensing image super-resolution due to the complexity and variability of textures and structures in remote sensing images (RSIs), which often repeat in the same images but differ across others. Current deep learning-based super-resolution models focus less on high-frequency features, which leads to suboptimal performance in capturing contours, textures, and spatial information. State-of-the-art CNN-based methods now focus on the feature extraction of RSIs using attention mechanisms. However, these methods are still incapable of effectively identifying and utilizing key content attention signals in RSIs. To solve this problem, we proposed an advanced feature extraction module called Channel and Spatial Attention Feature Extraction (CSA-FE) for effectively extracting the features by using the channel and spatial attention incorporated with the standard vision transformer (ViT). The proposed method trained over the UCMerced dataset on scales 2, 3, and 4. The experimental results show that our proposed method helps the model focus on the specific channels and spatial locations containing high-frequency information so that the model can focus on relevant features and suppress irrelevant ones, which enhances the quality of super-resolved images. Our model achieved superior performance compared to various existing models.

SEGSRNet for Stereo-Endoscopic Image Super-Resolution and Surgical Instrument Segmentation

SEGSRNet addresses the challenge of precisely identifying surgical instruments in low-resolution stereo endoscopic images, a common issue in medical imaging and robotic surgery. Our innovative framework enhances image clarity and segmentation accuracy by applying state-of-the-art super-resolution techniques before segmentation. This ensures higher-quality inputs for more precise segmentation. SEGSRNet combines advanced feature extraction and attention mechanisms with spatial processing to sharpen image details, which is significant for accurate tool identification in medical images. Our proposed model outperforms current models including Dice, IoU, PSNR, and SSIM, SEGSRNet where it produces clearer and more accurate images for stereo endoscopic surgical imaging. SEGSRNet can provide image resolution and precise segmentation which can significantly enhance surgical accuracy and patient care outcomes.