Developing RPC-Net: Leveraging High-Density Electromyography and Machine Learning for Improved Hand Position Estimation

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the performance of RPC-Net (Recursive Prosthetic Control Network), a novel method using simple neural network architectures to translate electromyographic activity into hand position with high accuracy and computational efficiency. Methods: RPC-Net uses a regression-based approach to convert forearm electromyographic signals into hand kinematics. We tested the adaptability of the algorithm to different conditions and compared its performance with that of solutions from the academic literature. Results: RPC-Net demonstrated a high degree of accuracy in predicting hand position from electromyographic activity, outperforming other solutions with the same computational cost. Including previous position data consistently improved results across subjects and conditions. RPC-Net showed robustness against a reduction in the number of electromyography electrodes used and shorter input signals, indicating potential for further reduction in computational cost. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that RPC-Net is capable of accurately translating forearm electromyographic activity into hand position, offering a practical and adaptable tool that may be accessible in clinical settings. Significance: The development of RPC-Net represents a significant advancement. In clinical settings, its application could enable prosthetic devices to be controlled in a way that feels more natural, improving the quality of life for individuals with limb loss.