Segmentation of diagnostic tissue compartments on whole slide images with renal thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs)

The thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) manifest in renal biopsy histology with a broad spectrum of acute and chronic findings. Precise diagnostic criteria for a renal biopsy diagnosis of TMA are missing. As a first step towards a machine learning- and computer vision-based analysis of wholes slide images from renal biopsies, we trained a segmentation model for the decisive diagnostic kidney tissue compartments artery, arteriole, glomerulus on a set of whole slide images from renal biopsies with TMAs and Mimickers (distinct diseases with a similar nephropathological appearance as TMA like severe benign nephrosclerosis, various vasculitides, Bevacizumab-plug glomerulopathy, arteriolar light chain deposition disease). Our segmentation model combines a U-Net-based tissue detection with a Shifted windows-transformer architecture to reach excellent segmentation results for even the most severely altered glomeruli, arterioles and arteries, even on unseen staining domains from a different nephropathology lab. With accurate automatic segmentation of the decisive renal biopsy compartments in human renal vasculopathies, we have laid the foundation for large-scale compartment-specific machine learning and computer vision analysis of renal biopsy repositories with TMAs.

Fine-grained Hand Gesture Recognition in Multi-viewpoint Hand Hygiene

This paper contributes a new high-quality dataset for hand gesture recognition in hand hygiene systems, named "MFH". Generally, current datasets are not focused on: (i) fine-grained actions; and (ii) data mismatch between different viewpoints, which are available under realistic settings. To address the aforementioned issues, the MFH dataset is proposed to contain a total of 731147 samples obtained by different camera views in 6 non-overlapping locations. Additionally, each sample belongs to one of seven steps introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO). As a minor contribution, inspired by advances in fine-grained image recognition and distribution adaptation, this paper recommends using the self-supervised learning method to handle these preceding problems. The extensive experiments on the benchmarking MFH dataset show that the introduced method yields competitive performance in both the Accuracy and the Macro F1-score. The code and the MFH dataset are available at https://github.com/willogy-team/hand-gesture-recognition-smc2021.