Depression Diagnosis and Drug Response Prediction via Recurrent Neural Networks and Transformers Utilizing EEG Signals

The Early diagnosis and treatment of depression is essential for effective treatment. Depression, while being one of the most common mental illnesses, is still poorly understood in both research and clinical practice. Among different treatments, drug prescription is widely used, however the drug treatment is not effective for many patients. In this work, we propose a method for major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis as well as a method for predicting the drug response in patient with MDD using EEG signals. Method: We employ transformers, which are modified recursive neural networks with novel architecture to evaluate the time dependency of time series effectively. We also compare the model to the well-known deep learning schemes such as CNN, LSTM and CNN-LSTM. Results: The transformer achieves an average recall of 99.41% and accuracy of 97.14% for classifying normal and MDD subjects. Furthermore, the transformer also performed well in classifying responders and non-responders to the drug, resulting in 97.01% accuracy and 97.76% Recall. Conclusion: Outperforming other methods on a similar number of parameters, the suggested technique, as a screening tool, seems to have the potential to assist health care professionals in assessing MDD patients for early diagnosis and treatment. Significance: Analyzing EEG signal analysis using transformers, which have replaced the recursive models as a new structure to examine the time dependence of time series, is the main novelty of this research.

A Novel and Reliable Deep Learning Web-Based Tool to Detect COVID-19 Infection from Chest CT-Scan

The corona virus is already spread around the world in many countries, and it has taken many lives. Furthermore, the world health organization (WHO) has announced that COVID-19 has reached the global epidemic stage. Early and reliable diagnosis using chest CT-scan can assist medical specialists in vital circumstances. In this work, we introduce a computer aided diagnosis (CAD) web service to detect COVID- 19 online. One of the largest public chest CT-scan databases, containing 746 participants was used in this experiment. A number of well-known deep neural network architectures consisting of ResNet, Inception and MobileNet were inspected to find the most efficient model for the hybrid system. A combination of the Densely connected convolutional network (DenseNet) in order to reduce image dimensions and Nu-SVM as an anti-overfitting bottleneck was chosen to distinguish between COVID-19 and healthy controls. The proposed methodology achieved 90.80% recall, 89.76% precision and 90.61% accuracy. The method also yields an AUC of 95.05%. Ultimately a flask web service is made public through ngrok using the trained models to provide a RESTful COVID-19 detector, which takes only 39 milliseconds to process one image. The source code is also available at https://github.com/KiLJ4EdeN/COVID_WEB. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that it is feasible to use the proposed technique as an automated tool for diagnosis of COVID-19.