Dynamic Power Allocation in OFDM ISAC for Time of Arrival Estimation

Resource allocation in Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems is critical for balancing communication and sensing performance. This paper introduces a novel dynamic power allocation strategy for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) ISAC systems, optimizing communication capacity while adhering to Peak Side-lobe Level (PSL) and sensing accuracy constraints, particularly for Time of Arrival (ToA) estimation. Unlike conventional methods that address either PSL or accuracy in isolation, our approach dynamically allocates power to satisfy both constraints. Additionally, it prioritizes communication when sensing performance is insufficient, avoiding any loss in communication capacity. Numerical results validate the importance of considering both sensing constraints and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic power allocation strategy.