Effective Capacity Analysis of Joint Near and Far-Field Communication in 6G URLLC Networks

The emergence of 6G networks enables simultaneous near-field and far-field communications through extremely large antenna arrays and high carrier frequencies. While these regimes enhance spatial multiplexing and link capacity, their coexistence poses new challenges in ensuring quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees for delay-sensitive applications. This paper presents an effective capacity (EC) analysis framework that jointly models near- and far-field communication regimes under distance estimation uncertainty. The user location is modeled as a random variable spanning both propagation regions, and tractable closed-form expression for the EC is derived to quantify delay performance. Numerical results illustrate the impact of estimation variance, QoS exponent, far-field boundary and near-field boundary (Fraunhofer distance) on EC performance.