This paper describes a simple new semantics for logic rules, founded semantics, and its straightforward extension to another simple new semantics, constraint semantics. The new semantics support unrestricted negation, as well as unrestricted existential and universal quantifications. They are uniquely expressive and intuitive by allowing assumptions about the predicates and rules to be specified explicitly. They are completely declarative and easy to understand and relate cleanly to prior semantics. In addition, founded semantics can be computed in linear time in the size of the ground program.
Collision avoidance is a key factor in enabling the integration of unmanned aerial vehicle into real life use, whether it is in military or civil application. For a long time there have been a large number of works to address this problem; therefore a comparative summary of them would be desirable. This paper presents a survey on the major collision avoidance systems developed in up to date publications. Each collision avoidance system contains two main parts: sensing and detection, and collision avoidance. Based on their characteristics each part is divided into different categories; and those categories are explained, compared and discussed about advantages and disadvantages in this paper.